解决Python3下打印utf-8字符串出现UnicodeEncodeError的问题
最近在对bismarck进行升级,主要是从Python2迁移到Python3,并更换爬取方案。
结果出师不利,在将爬取到的商品标题print出来时,抛出错误:
root@fb6e7c6fbe5c:/home/binss# python3 amazon_test.py | |
Traceback (most recent call last): | |
File "amazon_test.py", line 30, in | |
print(s) | |
UnicodeEncodeError: 'ascii' codec can't encode characters in position 0-7: ordinal not in range(128) |
Python2时代最怕就是这个UnicodeEncodeError,没想到到了Python3,又见到它了。
查看第一个字符,发现为'\u8266',于是测试以下代码:
>>> print('\u8266') |
果然报错
Traceback (most recent call last): | |
File "", line 1, in | |
UnicodeEncodeError: 'ascii' codec can't encode character '\u8266' in position 0: ordinal not in range(128) |
尝试了各种姿势,结果还是没能解决。
最后突发奇想,print不行,那我把其输出到文件捏?
>>> s = '\u8266' | |
>>> with open('xxx.txt', mode='w') as pubilc_file: | |
... pubilc_file.write(s) |
依然报错
Traceback (most recent call last): | |
File "", line 2, in | |
UnicodeEncodeError: 'ascii' codec can't encode character '\u8266' in position 0: ordinal not in range(128) |
那换成二进制输出呢?
>>> s = '\u8266'.encode('utf-8') | |
>>> with open('xxx.txt', mode='wb') as pubilc_file: | |
... pubilc_file.write(s) |
竟然成功输出了正确的字符——"艦"!这,难道是因为终端的stdout不支持utf-8输出?
于是打印看看当前的stdout是啥
root@fb6e7c6fbe5c:/home/binss# python3 | |
Python 3.5.1 (default, Dec 18 2015, 00:00:00) | |
[GCC 4.8.4] on linux | |
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information. | |
>>> import sys | |
>>> sys.stdout | |
<_io.TextIOWrapper name='' mode='w' encoding='ANSI_X3.4-1968'> | |
>>> |
这个ANSI_X3.4-1968的编码是什么东西?怎么不是utf-8?以此为关键词Google,终于搜到相关文章:
http://lab.knightstyle.info/私がpython3でunicodeencodeerrorなのはどう考えてもデフォルト文字/
大概意思就是如果要输出utf-8,需要通过以下代码将ANSI_X3.4-1968改为utf-8
import sys
import io
sys.stdout = io.TextIOWrapper(sys.stdout.buffer, encoding='utf-8')
然后再次检验stdout是否为utf-8
>>> sys.stdout | |
<_io.TextIOWrapper name='' encoding='utf-8'> |
之后就可以愉快地print了
>>> print('\u8266') | |
艦 |
via.https://www.binss.me/blog/solve-problem-of-python3-raise-unicodeencodeerror-when-print-utf8-string/
因本文不是用Markdown格式的编辑器书写的,转换的页面可能不符合MIP标准。